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The ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) screen detects whether the immune system is producing antibodies against components of the cell nucleus — the defining feature of most systemic autoimmune diseases. A positive ANA is found in lupus, Sjögren's syndrome, scleroderma, and mixed connective tissue disease, but also in up to 20% of healthy people (especially women) with no disease. A positive result requires follow-up with specific antibody subtests (anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, anti-SSA/SSB) to identify the underlying condition.
Also known as: ACIF, Anticomplement Immunofluorescence, FA, FANA, Fluorescent antibody, Fluoresent, IFA, Immune fluorescence
A positive ANA indicates your immune system is producing antibodies against your own cell nuclei, seen in lupus, Sjogren's, scleroderma, and other autoimmune conditions. A negative ANA largely rules out systemic lupus.
Normal is negative. Up to 15% of healthy people have low-positive ANA without autoimmune disease. Titer and pattern determine clinical significance.