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Magnesium is a mineral cofactor in over 300 enzymatic reactions — including energy production, DNA repair, protein synthesis, blood pressure regulation, blood sugar control, and nerve signaling. Up to 45% of Americans are magnesium-deficient, partly because serum magnesium (the standard blood test) is a poor measure: most magnesium is stored inside cells, so blood levels appear 'normal' even as intracellular stores are depleted. Low magnesium manifests as poor sleep, muscle cramps, anxiety, migraines, constipation, and heart palpitations.
Also known as: MAG, Magnes, Magnesium, Magnesium (Mg), Magnesium Total, Magnesium, Serum, Mg, Mg2+
High magnesium from kidney failure causes muscle weakness and cardiac arrest. Low magnesium is extremely common, affecting sleep, muscle function, blood pressure, and insulin sensitivity.
Standard range is 1.7-2.2 mg/dL. Functional practitioners target 2.0-2.4 mg/dL. Serum magnesium is a poor indicator since only 1% of body magnesium is in blood.