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MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) measures the average size of red blood cells and is the key index for classifying the type of anaemia. Low MCV (microcytic anaemia) is caused by iron deficiency or thalassaemia; high MCV (macrocytic anaemia) is caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency; normal MCV with anaemia (normocytic) points to chronic disease, haemolysis, or bone marrow failure. MCV is one of the first CBC values to change in developing deficiencies, often preceding the haemoglobin drop by months.
Also known as: MCV, Mean Cell Volume, Mean Corpuscular Volume
High MCV indicates B12 or folate deficiency, alcohol use, hypothyroidism, or liver disease. Low MCV indicates iron deficiency or thalassemia. MCV is the primary index for classifying anemia type.
Standard range is 80-100 fL. Functional targets are 85-92 fL. MCV is one of the earliest CBC values to shift in developing deficiencies. Mixed deficiencies can produce a misleadingly normal MCV.