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FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) is released by the pituitary gland to stimulate the growth of ovarian follicles in women and sperm production in men. Elevated FSH in women is one of the earliest markers of declining ovarian reserve and approaching menopause; in men, high FSH with low sperm count points to primary testicular failure. Interpretation depends heavily on the phase of the menstrual cycle in women — a day-3 FSH is the standard fertility measurement.
Also known as: Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Follitropin, FSH, FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
High FSH in women indicates diminished ovarian reserve or menopause. In men, it signals primary testicular failure. Low FSH points to hypothalamic-pituitary suppression from stress or pituitary tumors.
For fertility, day-3 FSH below 8 mIU/mL suggests good ovarian reserve. Above 12 indicates diminished reserve. For men, optimal is 1.5-8 mIU/mL.