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ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) is an enzyme found primarily in liver cells that leaks into the bloodstream when those cells are damaged, inflamed, or dying. It is the most liver-specific of the standard blood markers — a rising ALT is one of the earliest and most reliable signs of liver stress from fatty liver disease, alcohol, medications, or viral hepatitis. Many labs still use overly wide reference ranges; emerging research suggests ALT above 25 U/L in women and 35 U/L in men warrants investigation.
Also known as: Ala, Alanine Aminotransferase, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alanine Transaminase, ALAT, Alpha alanine, ALT, ALT (SGPT)
High ALT is the most liver-specific enzyme, elevated in fatty liver disease, hepatitis, medication toxicity, or alcohol injury. Low ALT in the elderly may reflect reduced liver mass or vitamin B6 deficiency.
Standard labs flag above 33-40 U/L. Functional practitioners target below 25 U/L for men and below 20 U/L for women.