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AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) is an enzyme found in liver cells, heart muscle, skeletal muscle, and red blood cells — so it is less liver-specific than ALT and rises in a wider range of conditions. Elevated AST can indicate liver injury but also muscle damage from intense exercise, a heart attack, or hemolysis. The AST-to-ALT ratio is diagnostically significant: a ratio above 2 strongly suggests alcohol-related liver disease, even before other markers are obviously abnormal.
Also known as: Asp, Aspartate amino transferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Aspartate Transaminase, Aspartic acid, AST, AST (SGOT)
High AST indicates tissue damage in liver, heart, muscle, or red blood cells. When AST exceeds ALT (De Ritis ratio above 2), consider alcohol-related liver damage or cirrhosis.
Standard labs flag above 33-40 U/L. Functional practitioners prefer below 25 U/L. Post-exercise AST elevations persist 24-48 hours.